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In a rural Cambodian village where the properties lack electricity, the nighttime darkness is pierced by the glow from laptops that young children bring from school. The students had been equipped with notebook computers from a foundation run by MIT Media Lab founder Nicholas Negroponte and his wife Elaine.
"When the youngsters bring them home and open them up, it is the brightest light source inside the home," said Negroponte. "Parents really like it."
Negroponte and some MIT colleagues are difficult at function on a project they hope will brighten the lives and prospects of hundreds of millions of developing globe kids. It's a grand notion plus a daunting challenge: to generate rugged, internet- and multimedia-capable laptop computers at a cost of $100 apiece.
That's proper, the price of dinner for 4 at a moderately priced Manhattan restaurant can purchase a Third World kid what Negroponte considers an important tool for generating it inside the 21st century. The laptops would be mass-produced in orders of no smaller than 1 million units and bought by governments, which would distribute them.
Ambitious projects to bridge the digital divide in the developing world at low price have had a shaky track record. Perhaps the best example will be the Simputer, a $220 handheld device developed by Indian scientists in 2001 that only final year became accessible and isn't selling well.
But Negroponte and MIT colleagues Joe Jacobson and Seymour Papert aren't deterred.
For 1, three corporate partners have committed an initial $2 million apiece to the initiative and pledged to serve as suppliers for the "one laptop per child" project: Sunnyvale, California, Advanced Micro Devices, which will bring expertise in processors; "Do No Evil" search engine king Google; and News Corp., Rupert Murdoch's media firm with global satellite capabilities.
The mission: to create laptops as ubiquitous as cell phones in technology-deprived regions. Negroponte's pitch: The price of a laptop comes in far lower than a child's textbook costs for the computer's lifespan.
"It's a way of having the kids be the agents of change," Negroponte told The Associated Press. "They bring the device property, and then the parents appear over their shoulder." He thinks it's extremely crucial that individual youngsters own laptops; it will make certain they'll be well-maintained.
In style and function, Negroponte desires the $100 laptop to "be so close towards the current laptops as to be practically indistinguishable," but acknowledges that the machine will have a comparatively slow processor and modest storage capacity paired with barebones software program.
The largest challenge, he says, is designing a display that doesn't put the price out of reach or drain the battery including Apple M8511 Battery too quickly.
Details are nonetheless being worked out, but here's the MIT team's current recipe: Put the laptop on a software program diet; use the freely distributed Linux operating system; design a battery capable of becoming recharged with a hand crank; and use newly developed "electronic ink" or a novel rear-projected image display having a 12-inch screen.
Then, give it Wi-Fi access, and add USB ports to hook up peripheral devices.
Most importantly, take profits, sales expenses and marketing expenditures out of the picture.
"The technologies challenge is genuine, and you should make some breakthroughs, but the majority of the cash is saved in other techniques," said Negroponte, who pitched the project in January at the World Economic Forum in Switzerland, the annual confab of global powerbrokers.
Negroponte has also met with Chinese and Brazilian officials to discuss expected orders and production in those countries, which would produce local jobs. Two prototypes have been built, and test units could be shipped by the middle of next year. The project would essentially be nonprofit, with about $90 covering hardware for each and every computer and an added $10 for contingencies or a modest profit margin based on how each government's order is structured.
But even when all those hurdles are surmounted, some question regardless of whether a $100 laptop project may be the answer to bridging the global digital divide.
"Even in case you give the laptops out for cost-free, internet access as well as electricity are huge problems," said Marc Einstein, an analyst with Pyramid Investigation, a Cambridge telecommunications consulting firm.
Negroponte and Co. have part of that solved, a minimum of in theory: Out of the box, the $100 laptops will be able to communicate with one an additional making use of peer-to-peer mesh networking. That does not directly solve the web or electricity problem, though.
Al Hammond, director for the nonprofit Globe Resources Institute's Digital Dividend project in Washington D.C., worries about customer support in poor, rural areas.
"The key is usually to generate something affordable and sufficiently robust to protect against voltage surges, against dust, and against getting dropped, and against all the perils of the internet," Hammond said. "Those points are far more crucial if the nearest computer tech is three villages away and you don't have an air-conditioned workplace to work in."
Like Hammond, Andy Carvin, director of the Newton-based nonprofit Digital Divide Network, applauds the project's goals, calling an incredibly low-cost, durable laptop "one of the holy grails of bridging the digital divide."
But he stated increasingly sophisticated and versatile wireless handhelds may possibly acquire favor over laptops as the creating world's on the web tools of choice.
"That's not to suggest we really should not have an inexpensive laptop," Carvin stated. "They're parallel tracks, and it's almost certainly a wholesome competition to have each."
The digital divide remains vast: The technology study firm IDC examined 53 countries and determined that a household in Canada was 131 occasions much more likely to own a private pc than 1 in Indonesia -- hardly the world's least tech-oriented country.
The United States trailed Canada at No. two by that measure in rankings that examined personal computer use in countries that fall in the leading third for advanced technologies use.
Negroponte says his promotion of the $100 laptop project at the World Economic Forum meeting has helped it acquire momentum.
"People are now calling me saying, 'We'd like to participate, and not just can we participate, but we can do it less expensive, or we can produce better efficiency in this laptop,'" he stated.
"People are saying, 'My God, this really is actual.'"
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